Pediatrics: Cranial Nerve Examination Essay -- Pediatric Examination

Oculomotor (III), trochlear (IV), Abducens (VI) cranial steel Although each of these nerves control separate extraocular muscles, they atomic number 18 unremarkably examined unneurotic due to their adjoining functional interrelationships.LookSimilar to other cranial nerve examination, start with inspection of the eyes. Look at -The eyeshot of the division position If diplopia is present, the head turned or tilted to smear double vision.-Inspect for ptosis and eye position. - conduct the child to look at an object about five feet away. Examine the pupils for size, shape, and symmetry. Oculomotor nerve palsy causes mydriasis. Sympathetic palsy leads to miosis. Ciliary ganglion malfunction within the orbit produces Adies pupil with middilated pupils and poor responds to convergence. Ocular alignmentThe eyes are normally parallel in all positions of gaze except convergence. Squints can be either paralytic (paresis of superstar of the extraocular muscles) or non-paralytic (defec tive binocular vision). Congenital paralytic squints result in abnormal head postures, while the acquired ones cause diplopia. Non-paralytic (concomitant) squints are not associated with diplopia.-Looking at liberal Sit in comportment of the child about 1 metre away. Shine a light source and ask the child to look at the light. Observe the position of the light reflexes on the cornea. Normally, the light reflex is symmetrical and slightly nasal bone to the centre of each pupil. -Cover screen out is a good test of eye alignment and is helpful to determine the presence of both testify and latent strabismus oUnilateral sulk test use up the child to concentrate on an object that is ten feet away as if their eyes are glued to the object. For testing of the right eye, cover the child... ...mpare the nasolabial grooves, which are smooth on the weak side)-Bells phenomenon Ask the child close the eyes. In lower motor neuron VII nerve palsy, the upward(a) movement of the eyeball is see n due to incomplete closure of the eyelid. Taste mastermind-Examine for taste on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, only in those with facial nerve palsy. -Ask the child to protrude the tongue and not to speak during the test.- assume a small sample of sugar, vinegar, salt and quinine solutions (sweet, sour, saline and bitter) with cotton buds to one side of the anterior two-thirds of the tongue one at a time.-Ask the child to crown to the taste on a pre-prepared card to point out the response.-Rinse the mouth with water between each specimen. - amid each test ask the patient to rinse his mouth with water.- recap test on the other side of the tongue